Ayatollah khomeinis political theory and public interest mohsen kadivar duke university ayatollah khomeini 190289 was one of the most influential muslim leaders in the 20th century and one of the most significant shiite figures in history. Pdf this paper intends to explore the role and key contributions that ayatollah ruhollah played in the iranian revolution. Khomeinis theory of islamic state and the making of the iranian. Ruhollah khomeinis ancestors migrated towards the end of the 18th century from their original home in nishapur, khorasan province, in northeastern part of iran, for a short stay, to the kingdom of awadh a region in the modern state of uttar pradesh, india whose rulers were. The airplane carrying imam khomeini was late for half an hour and finally landed at 9. Khomeini to noniranian audience and admirers in and outside of iran. As iran exported its shiite revolution, sunni arabs resisted irans shiites tried to spread their ideology after the 1979 revolution, but have met resistance in arab states led by sunnis. Iranian historyayatollah khomeini and the islamic revolution. Ayatollah khomeini, the primary leader of the revolution, was able to rally a large number of iranians from various ideological and socioeconomic backgrounds in demonstrations against mohammad reza shah. Before the revolution, most iranians could afford to buy a.
Islam and revolution ruhollah musawi khomeini download. Drawing from both primary interviews, autobiographies, documents, and data and secondary sources. Edward said and the iranian revolution david zarnett the iranian revolution was not only a godsend for those muslims who identified with its cause, it was also a blessing for those among the american left who saw it as a significant blow against the evil american empire. Born into a longstanding clerical family in khomein, a small village in central iran, he was the youngest of six children. And it was not only in the demonstrations to overthrow the shahs regime that the opinions of women were taken as sound and helpful. Internet archive contributor internet archive language. Shia political ideology underwent a signi cant transformation in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Iran and khomeini are poorly understood by many in the west. We shall confront the world with our ideology the following speech, written by ayatollah khomeini on the eve of the iranian new year, is his most comprehensive sum. Islam and revolution writings and declarations imam khomeini.
It was, then, entirely natural that imam khomeini should swiftly emerge as the leader and guide of the islamic revolution of 19781979. A critical introduction to khomeini as the architect of the iranian revolution of 1979, ayatollah ruhollah khomeini remains one of the most inspirational and enigmatic fi gures of the twentieth century. Khomeinis theory of islamic state and the making of the iranian revolution 1 mehdi shadmehr2 1i wish to thank hassan ansari, charles cameron, jose cheibub, amaney jamal, ali kadivar, mehran kamrava, charles kurzman, paulina marek, charles ragin, kris ramsay and seminar par. The role and contribution of ayatollah ruhollah khomeini article pdf available may 2012 with 11,965 reads how we measure reads. As iran exported its shiite revolution, sunni arabs. In imam khomeini s demise the world lost a great history making revolutionary and a matchless leader who awakened the muslims, revived islam and restored to it its pristine grandeur by his honourable life. History revolutionary iran iran politics and government 19411979 addresses, essays, lectures islam and state islam and state iran addresses. History and definition of a concept mehdi mozaffari. Ayatollah khomeinis political theory and public interest. Before the revolution, most iranians could afford to buy a flat, but now even rents are not. Writings and declarations of imam khomeini 19411980 english and persian edition imam khomeini, hamid algar on.
Khomeini, ruhollah almusavi ruhollah almusavi khomeini 19021989 was an iranian shi. The position of women from the viewpoint of imam khomeini r. Ruhollah khomeini was a lecturer at najaf and qom seminaries for decades before he was known on the political scene. The life of imam khomeini is a clear indication that the revolution wrought by islam. And with the iranian revolution that khomeini led in 197879. A brief overview helps us comprehend why the antiislamic pronounce ments by political, religious, and media figures have found such a receptive audience. He was born in 1902 in khomeyn, in what is now irans markazi province. The ideology of the islamic revolution bolstered islamist groups and set. In imam khomeinis demise the world lost a great history making revolutionary and a matchless leader who awakened the muslims, revived islam and restored to it.
This text comprehensively outlines the position of women from the viewpoint of imam khomeini r. This thesis attempts, through an analysis of ayatollah khomeinis political thought, to show the way in which the widely accepted western caricature of the late iranian leader as backward and fundamentalist masks the complexities of his political philosophy. For 10 days she waited in the holy city of qum for. Writings and declarations of imam khomeini 19411980 developing just leadership. The formation of the council of the islamic revolutionjanuary 12, 1979. Over the last decade tehrans most powerful man, supreme leader. Islamic republic, the theocracy of ayatollah ruhollah khomeini 19011989. The position of women from the viewpoint of imam khomeini. Khomeinis theory of islamic state and the making of the. Millions of people had formed chain from the airport to behesht zahra cemetery on outskirts of tehran. The fundamentals of irans islamic revolution institute for global.
Feb 21, 2016 the islamic revolution 1979 revolution led to a transformation of iran from a constitutional monarchy into an islamic republic, following the overthrow of shah mohammad reza pahlavi by. The exceptionality of imam khomeini was that he was, as martyr mutahari had said, a believer in his lord, in his people, and in the path that he was taking. The main centralities of this congress was imam khomeinis political thoughts, islamic revolution and the international affairs, dimension of imam khomeinis leadership, revolution and challenges or realities, historical, political, economic, social and cultural explanation and analysis. Imam khomeini said that the rules and regulations laid down by islam prevent the exploitation of the weak by the. Khomeini, who later became the leader of the islamic revolution, reinterpreted the shia political thought and proposed a novel islamic theory of state. Imam khomeini and the iranian revolution of 1979 history. Biography from imam khomeinis viewpoint virtue the law multimedia.
Starting with acknowledging the great women of the world, such as hazrat fatima zahra, the compilation then covers the status and rights of women in islam as well as the role of women in their. This unprecedented collection in english of notable works by imam khomeini, ranging in date from 1941 to 1980. Khameneis iran is no longer an islamic republic, but a tightknit cartel of. He began studying the quran and the persian language from a young age and was assisted. Impact of the religious and political ideas of the leader of the 1979 iranian revolution, grand ayatollah ruhollah khomeini include replacing irans millenniaold monarchy with theocracy. Imam khomeini had returned to country after years of exile and was widely welcomed by masses. Political islam designates a failed project in his works, whereas islamism denominates the new form of activist islam. We will avoid our own opinions here and present the ideas as advanced by khomeini. A hoover institution essay on middle east strategy challenges ayatollah machiavelli how ali khamenei became the most powerful man in the middle east karim sadjadpour introduction the june 2017 reelection of centrist iranian president hassan rouhani obscured a larger story. This thesis attempts, through an analysis of ayatollah khomeinis political thought, to show the way in which the widely accepted western caricature of the late iranian leader as backward and fundamentalist masks the complexities of his political philosophy and of his legacy as a political and religious leader. The iranian revolution is one of the most influential events in the history of the modern middle east.
He was, after all, the preeminent figure of recent islamic history, for his impact, consider. Grand ayatollah khomeini presented the victory of the islamic revolution to all the weak and the oppressed, the tortured and the aggrieved in this world whether they were muslim or nonmuslims. Khomeinism is the founding ideology of the islamic republic of iran. Other readers will always be interested in your opinion of the books youve read. The present anthology is designed to serve as a detailed and reliable introduction to the ideas and pronouncements of imam khomeini for those who have no access to the original persian texts. Ayatollah sayyed ruhollah khomeini islam and revolution. Political thought and legacy of ruhollah khomeini wikipedia. Others see him as an insecure despot who micromanages the country. But if the islamic revolution succeeded, it failed the many iranians who hoped it might lead to democracy. Imam khomeini and the iranian revolution of 1979 history of.
Khamenei discussed this theme in 80 per cent of speeches analysed, the. The idea of vilayet e faqih did not originate with khomeini. For imam khomeini, however, spirituality and mysticism have never implied social withdrawal or political quietism, but rather the building up of a fund of energy that finds its natural expression on the sociopolitical plane. The iranian revolution also known as the islamic revolution, persian. Writings and declarations of imam khomeini, berkeley, ca, mizan press.
The 1979 iranian revolution and subsequent 444day hostage crisis was a major turning point. Iran, revolution, khomeini, pahlavi regime, shah, islam, islamic state, ideology. Khomeini and the making of a new iran vanessa martin in this volume, vanessa martin makes a groundbreaking contribution on the dynamics of the iranian revolution and the islamist revival especially relevant in the context of the debate arising out of irans recent elections. The constitution, having regard to the islamic contents of the iranian revolution, which was a movement for the victory of all the oppressed over the arrogant, provides a basis for the continuation of that revolution both inside and outside the country. The iranian peoples revolution is only a point in the start of the revolution of the great world of islam.
The revolution placed iran at the forefront of middle east politics and the islamic revival. In addition, superfluous bureaucracies and the system of file. The quotes are taken from islam and revolution, writings and declarations of imam khomeini, by hamid algar, mizan press, berkely, ca. The book is really broken into two parts the first half is a series of essays written by the ayatollah about politics and islam. We have to take a look at the historical elements that lead up to the iranian revolution of 1979. Like its sister publication omide enqelab hope of the revolution, which was. Ayatollah sayyid ruhullah musawi khomeini, also called imam khomeini, was the founder of the islamic republic of iran and the leader of the 1979 iranian revolution, which saw the overthrow of the last shah of iran, mohammad reza pahlavi. Khomeini declared islamic jurists the true holders of not only religious authority but political authority, who must be obeyed as an. Guardians of the islamic revolution deep blue university of. Khomeini, ruhollah almusavi oxford islamic studies online. The islamic revolution 1979 revolution led to a transformation of iran from a constitutional monarchy into an islamic republic, following the.
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